“A baby born from the flame, like in the legends of the East. Image taken from a down-fired, co-axial, non-premixed, methane-air flame in a laboratory combustor using a Canon EOS 550D at an exposure time of 1/400s.”
Akshay Gopan, Adewale Adeosun, Zhiwei Yang, Tianxiang Li, and Richard L. Axelbaum (Washington University in St. Louis)
“An ethylene-oxygen mixture with an equivalence ratio of 0.7 was ignited using a spark gap at one end of a 0.6 m long, 2 mm diameter quartz tube. Flame chemiluminescence through the tube was recorded at 300 Hz, and resulting frames are displayed sequentially from top to bottom. The flame accelerates along the tube, transitioning from deflagration to detonation with a sudden increase in flame luminosity as the predicted temperature jumps to 3778 K. The detonation wave travels at a constant velocity near the Chapman-Jouguet velocity of 2200 m/s. A lower velocity wave is also visible propagating from the transition point towards the tube entrance.”
Chloe E. Dedic, Alex R. Tietz, and James B. Michael (Iowa State University)
“Flame speed of a solid monopropellant (nitrocellulose) enhances up to 14 times the bulk value when coupled to a highly conductive thermal base (graphite sheet) at microscale. This image made of several Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images, shows three phases of the graphite base/matrix,
- Before adding monopropellant (inner rectangle)
- After adding monopropellant (intermediate rectangle)
- After monopropellant burns out (outer rectangle)
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Sayan Biswas, Shourya Jain, and Li Qiao (Purdue University)